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Showing posts with label History Factsheet -2. Show all posts
Showing posts with label History Factsheet -2. Show all posts

History Factsheet -2



1. Friedrich Max Muller was the first European to designate Aryans as a race.

 


2. Milk and its products were used by the Vedic Aryans as a staple food.



3. Epic Mahabharata talk about battle of Mahabharata which is believed to have been fought at Kurukshetra for 18 days.



4. Ashram system of Vedic period was four stages of life of a human. They are as follows in ascending order:

(a).Brahamcharya (i.e. Student life)

(b).Grihastha (i.e. Family life)

(c).Vanaprastha (i.e. Retired life)

(d).Sanyasa (i.e. life of Renunciation).



5. Religious book “Shrimad Bhagavad Gita” originally written in – Sanskrit language.


6. Purusha sukta is hymn (10.90) of the Rigveda. It is a most commonly used Vedic Sanskrit hymn. It is recited in almost all Vedic rituals and ceremonies.



7. Important Buddhist Anupali Texts are:

(a).Divyavadan –contains stories of later Mauryan kings & Shunga king and life of Gautam Buddha.


(b).Aryamanjushrimulkalpe –contains political events of Pre-Mauryan period to Vardhana period.


(c).Lalit Vistar –contains acts of Gautama Buddha along with religious and social conditions of that time.



8. Important Buddhist Pali Texts are:

(a).Tripitaka –earliest and most important texts, throws light on social and religious life of India of that time. It comprises three pitakas namely, Vinaya pitaka, Sutta pitaka and Abhidhamma pitaka.


(b).Deep Vansha –compiled in 4th century AD in Sri Lanka.


(c).Maha Vansha –compiled in 5th century AD in Sri Lanka.


(d). Milindpannaho –also known as “Questions of Milind”, is a dialogue between greek king Milind (Menander, a Indo-Greek ruler) and Buddhist monk Nagasena (Nagarjuna).



9. Vinaya Pitaka – contains disciplinary rules and regulations for leading a monastic life, compiled in 1st Buddhist council held in Rajagriha, Bihar (483BC).



10. Sutta Pitaka –largest and most important text among tripitakas as,

(a).Ambattha sutta of Digh Nikaya of Sutta pitaka contains description of special pride of Kshatriya for blood purity.


(b).Anguttara Nikaya of Sutta pitaka contains list of 16 Mahajanpadas.


(c).Jataka (stories) of Khuddaka Nikaya of it contains 549 folk tales of previous births of Gautama Buddha.



11. Sutta Pitaka was compiled in 1st Buddhist council held in Rajagriha, Bihar (483BC).



12. From sceneries curved on railings of Bharahuta stupa & Sanchi stupa, we know that the compilation of Jataka had been begun in 1st century BC.



13. Abhidhamma pitaka –deals with doctrines of the Buddha in scholastic manner. It was compiled in 3rd Buddhist council held in Pataliputra, Bihar (250BC).




References:

1. Wonder That Was India 

2. India's Ancient Past 

3. History of Ancient India

4. IGNOU Study Material

5. Indian Art & Culture 

 

 

Also see:

1. Historical Sources

2. Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sources

3. Bharatvarsha 

4. UGC NET JRF Latest Syllabus 

5. UPSC Content 

6. Inscriptions

7. Sabha and Samiti 

 

 

 

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