Dear readers today we are writing this article little competitive exam oriented, as we are try to beneficiate students who seeking simplicity in content of history. Share this article with your friends and contacts if you find it valuable. Let’s start…
First we want to write that like other subjects history is an easy subject, one just have to understand every concept with interest. Use 10 minute focus theory to control your brain. Today we start with basic word of this subject, that is, “History”. We hear this term from childhood in school as well as in daily life.
The word history comes from the ancient greek word, ‘Historia’ meaning -inquiry, knowledge from inquiry, or judge. History is an umbrella term that relates to past events as well as the memory, discovery, collection, organization, presentation and interpretation of information about these events. Thus simply we can say that, history is the study of the past, specifically people, societies, events and problems of the past as well as our attempts to understand them and reconstruct that past.
Students kindly note that above specifications are very important in general, if you want to create interest in history. Please try to think about these basic specifications whenever you start a new topic and mandatorily when you complete that topic. This will help you in understanding and learning.
Now you understand about word history but next question is, “how we know about that past or reconstruct it?”. It’s answer will be, from historical sources. Historical sources like inscription, coins, excavation works, monuments, literary works, foreign accounts, art works, etc. are the main stream tools in this historical reconstructing of past. And historians use some methods in the form of questions for final reconstruction of the past. The following questions are used by historians in modern work as basic historical method:-
Q.1. When was the source, written or unwritten, produced?
(Means they trying to find date.)
Q.2. Where was it produced?
(Means they trying to find site/location.)
Q.3. By whom was it produced?
(i.e. about authorship)
Q.4. From what pre-existing material was it produced?
(i.e. analysis)
Q.5. In what original form was it produced?
(i.e. integrity)
Q.6. What is the evidential value of its contents?
(i.e. credibility)
Note: First four questions are known as historical criticism. Fifth one is known as textual criticism, and together from first question to fifth question is known as external criticism. The sixth question is known as inquiry about a source, is called internal criticism.
So, in this first article of this series, you was learn about definition of history and its reconstruct tools. Practice it once again, if you find any query, ask. In next article we will learn about significance of history.
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