Showing posts with label history. Show all posts
Showing posts with label history. Show all posts
History Factsheet -2
1.
Friedrich Max Muller was the first European to designate Aryans as a
race.
2.
Milk and its products were used by the Vedic Aryans as a staple food.
3.
Epic Mahabharata talk about battle of Mahabharata which is believed to
have been fought at Kurukshetra for 18 days.
4.
Ashram system of Vedic period was four stages of life of a human. They are as
follows in ascending order:
(a).Brahamcharya
(i.e. Student life)
(b).Grihastha
(i.e. Family life)
(c).Vanaprastha
(i.e. Retired life)
(d).Sanyasa
(i.e. life of Renunciation).
5. Religious book “Shrimad Bhagavad Gita” originally written in – Sanskrit language.
6. Purusha sukta is hymn (10.90) of the Rigveda. It is a most commonly used Vedic Sanskrit hymn. It is recited in almost all Vedic rituals and ceremonies.
7. Important Buddhist
Anupali Texts are:
(a).Divyavadan –contains
stories of later Mauryan kings & Shunga king and life of Gautam Buddha.
(b).Aryamanjushrimulkalpe
–contains political events of Pre-Mauryan period to Vardhana period.
(c).Lalit Vistar –contains
acts of Gautama Buddha along with religious and social conditions of that time.
8. Important Buddhist
Pali Texts are:
(a).Tripitaka –earliest
and most important texts, throws light on social and religious life of India of
that time. It comprises three pitakas namely, Vinaya pitaka, Sutta pitaka
and Abhidhamma pitaka.
(b).Deep Vansha –compiled
in 4th century AD in Sri Lanka.
(c).Maha Vansha –compiled
in 5th century AD in Sri Lanka.
(d).
Milindpannaho –also known as “Questions of Milind”, is a dialogue between greek
king Milind (Menander, a Indo-Greek ruler) and Buddhist monk Nagasena
(Nagarjuna).
9. Vinaya
Pitaka – contains disciplinary rules and regulations for leading a monastic
life, compiled in 1st Buddhist council held in Rajagriha, Bihar
(483BC).
10. Sutta
Pitaka –largest and most important text among tripitakas as,
(a).Ambattha
sutta of Digh Nikaya of Sutta pitaka contains description of special
pride of Kshatriya for blood purity.
(b).Anguttara
Nikaya of Sutta pitaka contains list of 16 Mahajanpadas.
(c).Jataka (stories)
of Khuddaka Nikaya of it contains 549 folk tales of previous births of
Gautama Buddha.
11. Sutta Pitaka
was compiled in 1st Buddhist council held in Rajagriha, Bihar (483BC).
12. From sceneries
curved on railings of Bharahuta stupa & Sanchi stupa, we know that
the compilation of Jataka had been begun in 1st century BC.
13. Abhidhamma
pitaka –deals with doctrines of the Buddha in scholastic manner. It was
compiled in 3rd Buddhist council held in Pataliputra, Bihar (250BC).
References:
Also see:
2. Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sources
4. UGC NET JRF Latest Syllabus
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